To The Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf

1. Yes, as saryu said that verginia woolfs write a very simple life style and the relationship with the dear and near ones but her style of writing is different. Everyday battle is necessary inhuman relationship. May be she wanted to show the complexity of human relationship. As we seen in the novel that, Mr. Ramsay & Mrs. Ramsay everyday battles. And when James said that he wanted to go to see ‘The Lighthouse’ at that time Mrs. Ramsay argued with Mr. Ramsay for James. It shows that because of their children they fight with eachother.  Also may be she wanted to show the womens condition in the society. Means as Mrs. Ramsay take care of the all family members, women’s have this responsibility and they force to do this.
2. Yes I’m agree that novel is both tribute and critique because Verginia Woolf tries to convey the character of Mrs Ramsay that, she is good wife and mother. But she also put the character of lily to show that, she is not a mother and wife but she is good as individual.so we can say that may be she tries to show the both characters life how they stand in the society as individual human being and as a mother or wife etc.
3. If we discussed about symbol, it means anything that signifies something. In ‘The Lighthouse’ both character are important. It can’t stand for any particular one character. Because they both have their value. Mrs Ramsay character is not stand for only, she is good house wife or mother but she is very kind and very intelligent and she always tries to handle the difficult situation. So she is strong. And also lily’s character is quite intelligent because she is also tried to handle her life in her own way. Her character stand as women’s struggle in patriarchal society. Means against gender convention. we have famous line that, “women can’t paint or write”.
.4. In Joseph Blotners article, there are two myths.1)pagan myth and 2) Oedipus complex.

1) Pagan myth:- In this myth there is primordial goddess.it was depend on the women’s character. This myth is emerges in the character of
Rhea-mother
Demeter-wife
Persephone-daughter
‘the window’ is a symbol which is connected with the “female”. Here ideal womanhood constructed and it shows in Mrs Ramsay character. Rhea character is a symbol of mother. She save her child in any condition like Mrs Ramsay always favours her children. And also Persephone character is symbol of daughter. It is story of two sorrowful women. And this all are connected in a way with Mrs Ramsay.
2)Oedipus complex:- in Freudian theory, the complex of emotions aroused in a child by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex. And it is reflect in the character of James. And also ‘the lighthouse’ is a symbol of “male”.
      5. ‘Roman’ means novel and ‘kunstlern’ means artist. And it means artist novel. in German, is narrative about an artist’s growth to maturity. And it is related with the character of lily brisco. yes we can say that “the lighthouse” is kunstlernrroman  novel. because there is two characters growth, Verginia woolfs growth in her life as a writer and the character lily brisco. She is painter but her painting is not complete erliea when Mrs Ramsay is live but after her death time passes and lily successfully completed when the novel ends. So, we can say that as painter her growth is also seen.
8. this novel is open ended because we don’t know after the death of Mrs Ramsay, lily brisco marry with Mr Ramsay or not. Or children have healthy relation with his father or not. The novel ends with ‘I have had my vision’. Means vision for what ? for lily brisco to complete the painting of to live a life in better way. she portrays Mrs Ramsay painting but after completing it may she think that it’s impossible to portrait her in a painting. and also there is line “closed doors open windows” which means that she might be feel that she never become Mrs Ramsay and the closed door is indicate her thinking and open window is indicate that now she thinks about her, how she live her life in a better way.

Frankenstein by Marry shelley

yes..i see the movie and i would thank yuo to sir nd ma'm that they given us chance to see in class. it's really helpful in understanding of novel. when we only read the novel somewhere in our mind there is some doubt but after seeing the movie there is no doubt. so about my view too see the movie it's really helpful.There is no any doubt about the title bcz it's goes with the victor and we can sy that there is really monster is victor bcz in his mind idea is coming to create such a person who is dead and than live him back. bcz monster has no idea how to behavie but society leads him to behavie like this , they all taught him that's why he behavie like this otherwise he has good nature. yes, there is good bigining and end of the movie. it's give us interesting movement. bcz in the bigining we can't think that there is fladhback system bt the movie goes on than we know that .also there is effect of horror while seeing the movie. when first time we see the frog live nd see that how he destroy the glass nd come out. At that time we understand that it's process going on that something is horrible start.yes, at some scenes the director make the changes. we find that in the movie victor restore Elisabeth's life but in the novel he create lady monster and he himself destroy it.There is also appropriate symbols in the novel . and it's helpful in understanding of narrative structure.We can't see to like Elizabeth as monster bcz she is beayutiful nd when she becomes coming as monster she is looking like ugly so i can't like this.yes,the movie is also helpful in undestanding the variod character bcz after it we have no doubt that who is she or his?.And yes,we find that victor accept Elizabeth as monster bt he does not accept monster. bcz he loves Elizabeth so at the anycost he live her back and cameback in his life. so he was ready to accept her as monster. The director is faithful to the movie bt at some scenes he made changes bt it's dosen't harm the novel bt it's helpful in understanding easy way the novel.

Waiting for Godot by Smuel Buckett

 

Existentialism means one can create their own personal/subjective meaning. Init ,trying to find another meaning. There is unresolved confusion of human world. It's concerned with the problem of living life as a human being. Satre's "Is existentialism a humanism". In it,for satre human are fundamentally different from things like car,phones so on. As an ethiest he did not believe human were 'designed'. In existentialism person question 'what was the reason behind the living a life?' They try to find another meaning. 'What was the purpose behind living life as human being'. While in nihilism no meaning or purpose of life.
Theater of absurd means quite different from traditional play,different itself is definition of theater of absurd. Theater of absurd is for feeling not for understanding. Means the meaning is not in the word,we have to apply our own idea. Nothingness,hopelessness,meaningness has something in the play,and they are central theme in the play. This type of play shows meaninglessness of human existance. We can't find action here,there is only conversation in character,so in a way it is monotonous. As ee seen in the traditional play,it has plot,character are convincing but in the absurd play there is no plot,no begining,no middle,no end and also here character are not convincing. In traditional play there is some problem and at the end it's solve but in absurd play problem occurs at the end.
In the setting ,Becket uses
1)tree
2)countryside road
3)evening
In first act tree has no leaves but in act two Becket grows some leaves. So,it shows that there is some kind of hope in act two. Because boy already said that godot is comeing so there is hope. Countryside road is symbol for endless waiting.there is no end for waiting. And through evening , may be Becket wants to show darkness. Here,darkness is in the mind of character. How they typically behave means master-slave relation and vladimir's madly behave for godot. 

Hamlet by Shakespeare

WHEN , i am not seen the movie  i think that there nothing to see it or why Shakespeare wrote it . 'what' he try to say , i can't understaned . but i would like to say that i am not read the original play so i have not idea about original play.so i can not say it is faithful or not . but in classroom discussion or earlier i can heared about hamlet i think earlier that hamlet is failure hero . but after seen the movie i understaned that he is not failure . but situation and circumstances takes place. so he can not do eneything  for his fathers death. but after he do many thing for the sake of his soul and to take the revenge of his fathers death.
                                          Yes, i can also say that after watching a movie my perception about play, character, and situation are changed . because when i didn't seen the movie i think that hamlet's stapfather is is right to take the dicission to send him other place because he is terror of the kingdom. but while seen the movie i see that he is not good man , because of his and her mothers property he marry her mother . and also send him to other place because if hamlet is in that place he is not able to do as his perception. and also earlier i think that hamlet is a not take any decission for himself also. means he is not able to think him self also.
                                            ya, i can also say that to watch the movie is very useful to us . because when we didn't seen the movie our idea about every seen , character is not clear. but after watching movie all is clear. means all character are cleared that who is Horetio , Polonius .
                                               Hamlet is thinking man , so he continuously think that what he can do to take the revenge of his fathers death . so when the people came to perform the play in palace he add his dailouge   in skript . he think that after seen the play his uncle are react and also same things are happen . he go away from the place.
                                                  yes, i can also feel aesthetic delight while watching the movie . when he kills his uncle .  also Ophelia charecter is nicely drawn . but when i heared only i think that she staned as minor charecter but after seen the movie i see that she is also an important charecter .
                                            If  i am director i drawn the Hamlet charecter as not thinking man but action man. because most of the time he think only not convert his thinking in action. and also i changed the end of   ophelia 's charecter. because she is nice girl and loves hamlet very much but some misunderstanding hamlet think that she is not faithful him but after at the end it have to  clear that she is faithful to him but the director is not clearify this matter. 

The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown

According to me it’s not just as an entertaining story as earlier some of student said. Because we find here in the novel many religious connection, and may be it happens that reader take it as his/her way. Means their understanding of ‘DHARMA’. And also it’s possible that reader read the book for their introspection and exploration of their faith. In THE DA VINCI CODE we can say that the narratives seems to be truthful and also convincing to the contemporary young mind because as we seen in the movie that, how Robert and Sophie tries to open up cryptex and going to one or another places to find out cryptex password. So this all things we can compare with games as our young generation played like in the movie ’STUDENT OF THE YEAR’. We can find similar things in both like solving the puzzle to rich the goal. So in this way it convincing to the contemporary young mind.  Literature or books doesn’t harm to humanity. Because it’s depend on person that how he/she take it. Because now a days old generation people said that technology or media harm the new generation but it’s not like that. like if a student use mobile in classroom to see whatever his/her teacher said it’s really true or not? So it’s not bad thing they just do it for their clarification but the teacher who belong to old generation they think that it’s an insult and student are not faithful to their teacher. If after reading this novel if someone thinks that, whatever said in this is true than it may be done harm because at to some extent it may imaginative also or we can say that this all are myth. In the movies this all women character are shown as they are very important in the movie because we can also find in such movie the women character are just doing role of beloved or just part of entertain to male. But in this all movie the women character have their space and try to prove that women have their dignity; they are not just a part of entertainer. Like Ophelia and Elizabeth both are true beloved and also sacrifice their life. But Sophie’s character is stronger and she also involve in solving the puzzle for open cryptex. So we can say that she is also as intelligent as Robert. So both contributions are same in this journey. If we do atheist reading of the novel then sir Leigh Teabing will claim the position of protagonist and Robert Langdon will be the antagonist. This novel challenges the Christianity because it has Mary Magdalene reference. This thing creates controversy. In the movie and film Da Vinci’s painting also used as symbol but it is more clear and effective in movie. Movie is faithful to the text, there is no such thing which speak that something is not appropriate. But at to some extent both are different in some points because novel has descriptiveness and movie should be brief. 

Sense of an Ending by Julian Barnes

The phrase 'Blood Money' used by Veronica when Tony tells her that her mother left the money for him. So Veronica thinks that Sarah is responsible for Adrian’s suicide that’s why she called money as Blood Money.
 b = s – v x/+ a1 or a2 + v + a1 X s = b?
Means b=baby, s=Sarah, a2=Tony, a1=Adrian, v=veronica so this equation tells about Tony’s relationship with Veronica, and her relation with Adrian. And Adrian’s relation with Sarah, because of their relation she becomes pregnant and b is for their baby. And another is Tony’s breakup with Veronica and then, her dating with Adrian. Then Adrian meets her mother and he has affair with Sarah. Because of this relation she becomes pregnant.
As in last days of Adrian he was with Sarah and she herself tell that he was happy in his last days, so he was not with Veronica but with Sarah. So diary is with her. So, she willed it to Tony. But Veronica already knows the thing she started to give hint to Tony.
May be Adrian has regret, because of his relation with her girlfriend’s mother. So he becomes mad and living with hidden identity. Many things are not clear in novel and here is a question that, just because of regret he commits suicide or anything else happened.
As Veronica has relation with Adrian and her mother had also relation with him. Because of these things we find she may suffer in the-community. As Sarah and Adrian has baby (which we know that when Adrian commits suicide Sarah was pregnant) he becomes step father of veronica.
The reason of Adrian suicide is not much clear, so we cannot find other possible reasons behind his death. May he feels guilty that’s why he commits suicide.
At to some extent we find in her character, she is manipulative, stubborn, haughty, sacrificial, and trustworthy.
Yes obviously, Tony Webster classifiable as Unreliable Narrator because he tells a story and he himself tell that I remember in no particular order. And also he says that memory which he has is may be imperfect. But which he knows he tells.

One Night @ the Call Center by Chetan Bhagat

1. Contemporary issues in on@tcc:
* Yes I am agree that, “Bhagat has a talent for tapping into the zeitgeist; that he is not much older than the people he writes about makes him a particularly credible portrayer of their world.” Because as we seen in the novel that we find the problems of common man, how because of some person or some type of situation people suffers in their life.
*“Bhagat's tone is pitch-perfect, his observer's eye keenly focused on nuance and detail. Verisimilitude is all: The first two thirds of the novel evokes, indeed reproduces, the way the young call center workers think, talk, eat, drink, dress, date and behave.” The author very deeply seen the life style of people who works in call center, and through his description in the novel we seen that. Their style of thinking, drinking, dressing, eating everything is different like it shows that the world is now starting changing. The examples of the character like ‘vroom’- the way he think or eat. 
*yes I am agree that, Bhagat’s vision been shallow because  reader may  read this novel as love story and like our Bollywood films lovers face some type of problems and at the end it was solved and lovers meet. But also author try to highlight the contemporary issues like Globalization, influence of English language and because of it how mother or peoples first language is affected. Yes also young Indians could be doing better for themselves and their country” like the characters we have in the novel vroom or shyam. They start to go away from this situation where they did not get chance to make their future bright or to do something different which gave them NAME.
*we can also find in Bhagat’s all novel that they deal with some type of contemporary issues. Like in ON@TCC we have issues like establishing companies of BPO-call center, globalization etc. in REVOLUTION 2020 we find issues of privatization and corruption in education system etc. so his novel deal with some kind of modern issues which is affected the whole 
nation.
2.     Mannepean satire:
* Menippean satire is seriocomic genre and it was developed by Greek satirist Menippus. Seriocomic means serious + comic.  Novel ON@TCC characters are against the idea of bossism. We also find in society that people’s rigid mindset that, only god can solve problem. they never try to come out from the problems, they just wait that something miracle happen. we can also include satire on work-culture (i.e. love your work but never your company, you never know when your company stops loving you) means love your work, do hardship as you can instead of loving your company.  In the novel we also have seen marriage life or family problems in the characters like Priyanka or Radhika.
3.     The effect of Globalization:
*Thomas Friedman’s ‘The World is Flat’ is non-fictional book.  We can also here put human predicament,
Man-god
Man-nature
Man-man
Man-circumstances
As globalization was economic movement, in it we find man-corporate. Capitals uses new or technological things like in OLD MAN AND THE SEA new motor boats is used by others but old man still uses old boat. The other are using gun or other type of things to kill fish but old man uses old weapon in their battle with shark or fish. CALL CENTER the title itself shows the effect of globalization.  In the novel we find that, man’s struggle with corporate world- how they suffers?, what type of the problem they face every day?
4.     Narrative Structure:
* Chetan Bhagat makes interesting use of prologue and epilogue in this novel.  because when story start through prologue we get understanding that what was going on and when it ends, after ending we are continue to knowing that what happened after like all are start to set in their life. . The Aristotelian unities of time, place and action are also taken care of in plot construction. The justification of dues ex machine is also given with the possible alternative reading of the novel without God. We can interpret God call as imagination or self-confidence, which is seen automatically in the person when he/she was in trouble. God gives direction and person has to apply his or her logic like in LIFEOF PIE when police or may be some investigator asks pie that, what was happened then pie gives his answer with the story which he mentions about god. But they don’t believe in that type of story and they told pie that, give us answer like all are easily believe and convinced or satisfied. Then pie gives same answer with the name of animal and they easily convinced. So this is a type of narrative structure . like in ON@TCC when Bhagat says can all are believe or satisfied with God  call and then lady says that you can do another way to put God call as inner voice of character.
5.     Popular Literature and ON@TCC
*if we consider ON@TCC as popular literature it gives some negative effect like popular movie-literature has,
In movie- drinking alcohol, smoking (cigarette)
Book-smoking (cigarette), many girl friends
Also girls first reject the person and at the ending just for happy ending they change their decision and accept the person again. we can also find in popular literature that: individual, social, or cultural degradation. Audience has no need to use their brains. We can also find negative effects on the society at large.
6.     Self-help book and on@tcc:
*it means to instruct reader or solving personal problems. The call from god , we can take it as inner voice which was came when they all are in trouble. Our heart or mind always gave us such type of direction or reminder but we never ever pay attention on that. but when we are in this type of  problems or situation that we have no other options, at that time we think on that.so according to me it’s a fear to loose their life and it forces to think how to save their life.  

The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter

Comedy of menace-means tragedy with number of comic element. The comedy is used to show fearful situation. It has positive and negative feelings. We can see in the play and film that comic scenes are creates to show the dangerous. Behind the comic element, it’s clearly shown that there is something going on which creates threatening effect or fearful atmosphere. It is different from theatre of absurd because absurd theatre represents meaninglessness of human existence but in comedy of menace we find that here, continuously character are searching something and through their actions we find meaning.
Atmosphere-while we read or see the play we see that, there is high level of comic scene and then suddenly deep seriousness scene is shown. The atmosphere of the play arise some type of questioned like fear of what? Or by whom? But it’s unanswered. The fear is only for Stanley ? In the play we see that all character are suffering from some unknown fear. It’s possible that may be all character’s are laugh to forget their fear.
Painteresque- Swedish academy gives characteristic like, an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where people are at the mercy of each other and pretence crumbles, minimum of plot, drama emerge power-struggle……
His speech’ art, truth and politics’-in that he says that, politicians used of language has no truth but truth is that there is never such thing as one truth found in art. But there are many. And he says that truth in drama is always (elusive) difficult to describe.
 Film and play in article-(Harriet and Dear) they both talk about Pinter’s style in the both play and film. Both film and play seems to be trivia. He emphasis on things in the film.
Many time ‘knocking at the door ‘things happen. And it creates menacing effect in the film.
Silence and pause are also important. There are two silences. 1) no word is spoken 2) a torrent of language is being employed. Here silence indicates, ‘what is unsaid’. i.e. conversation between McCann, Goldberg and Stanley.
Newspaper also creates power position effect. When Petey read it, Meg asking question what is in it?  At that  time Petey was not interested to give her questions answer, and he says that, may be you don’t know the person whose detail is in it, so it’s not important for you. Newspaper also uses for hiding oneself behind it. Like Petey does.
Breakfast is also important because many things are sharing on the table. Like Stanley talk about his fear and he was betrayed by someone-all these thing he told Meg on the table during Breakfast.
Toy drum is gift for Stanley by Meg. And the act when Stanley play toy drum is irritate and it shows that continuously something happening in the Stanley’s mind and it is as irritate as the sound of toy drum.
Through the window-hatch Stanley sees who is coming because he has some unknown fear. But we can’t see the clear thing through window, like we haven’t clear idea about his fear.
Mirror is also a symbol in film. We find that mirror doesn’t give clear reflection. It gives the effect like, something that tells lies to us.
In interrogation scene we see that McCann and Goldberg force to sit down Stanley and then Stanley sit and they both standing up and asking him questions it shows power position.
In birthday party scene Stanley continuously tells that it is not my birthday but all are celebrating. And they played game- blind man’s bluff, in that Stanley searching something and camera on his head, room seen like prison.
To read the book or to see the movie both has different view point. Because in the reading may be sometimes we haven’t clear understanding like lulu’s rape. Through reading we can’t get clear idea that she is raped but while seen the film lulu shouting in the darkness when they played games. It gives the idea that may be she was raped or she was in danger situation. But asking the questions one by one to Stanley is clearer in book, but it’s not clear in the film.
 Movie and play are similar in a way. According to my opinion there is no need to change anything. But my questioned is that in both ‘what is the need of Petey’s character’? Because in both he contribute less and he’s character is not clear.